Greece: People seeking asylum report being beaten, strip-searched and sent back to sea
People seeking safety in Europe are being met on Greece’s Aegean islands with aggression, degrading treatment and physical violence, including being beaten, handcuffed, strip-searched, having their possessions confiscated, and forcibly sent back to sea, according to reports received by international medical organisation Médecins Sans Frontières/Doctors Without Borders (MSF).
Today MSF publishes a report entitled ‘In Plain Sight: The human cost of migration policies and violent practices at Greek sea borders’, containing reports and information gathered over the period from August 2021 to July 2023 by its medical teams on Lesvos and Samos.
Based on the testimonies of 56 patients, and on MSF’s medical data and observations, the report reveals the shocking reality of the welcome received by people seeking refuge in Europe, many of whom are fleeing violence and persecution in their countries of origin and have already undergone dangerous and often traumatic journeys to get this far.
Some patients report being met with violence even before reaching land.
“As soon as we entered Greek waters, a small grey boat came in our direction,” said Fatima [not her real name].
“A man dressed in all black with a covered face jumped on our boat. He had a stick in his hand and started beating the person in front of him.
"Then he pulled off the engine and dropped it in the water. We were left in the middle of the sea with no engine.”
Violent treatment
Other MSF patients describe how, having arrived on Lesvos or Samos on small boats, they were intercepted by uniformed individuals or unidentified masked men and subjected to degrading and violent treatment, including having their wrists or ankles immobilised with plastic cable ties, being beaten with batons and sticks, being verbally insulted, and being forced to undergo intrusive body searches in front of strangers.
Report: In plain sight
The human cost of migration policies and violent practices at Greek sea borders
“A man dressed in all black with a covered face jumped on our boat... he pulled off the engine and dropped it in the water. We were left in the middle of the sea.”
Elisabeth [not her real name] described how people in her group, including a pregnant woman, were handcuffed and beaten: “They dragged her on the ground… They tied them like this [putting wrists together in front of her body], they also tied the pregnant woman. They even stepped on the other lady’s stomach, beating her.”
Some patients report that their possessions, including mobile phones, money and medications, were confiscated before they were forced onto boats, taken out to sea, transferred onto life rafts and then cast adrift – an illegal practice known as pushbacks.
“Horrific experiences”
Over the past two years, MSF teams on Lesvos and Samos have provided medical assistance to 7,904 people, 1,520 of them children, shortly after their arrival on the islands.
Many of the new arrivals were in a state of emotional distress, as well as being exhausted, wet, thirsty, hungry, suffering from exposure to extreme heat or cold, and covered in injuries and bruises, reportedly as a result of or escaping from violence.
7,904
PEOPLE PROVIDED WITH MEDICAL ASSISTANCE BY MSF ON SAMOS AND LESVOS IN LAST TWO YEARS
8,621
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PSYCHIATRIC CONSULTATIONS BY MSF ON SAMOS AND LESVOS IN LAST TWO YEARS
557
PEOPLE TREATED BY MSF FOR PHYSICAL INJURIES ON SAMOS AND LESVOS IN LAST TWO YEARS
Among them were women in advanced stages of pregnancy, newborn babies, unaccompanied minors and elderly people.
MSF medics treated 557 people for physical injuries and MSF mental health teams provided 8,621 psychological and psychiatric consultations. Some patients were left with post-traumatic stress disorder as a direct result of their experiences of arriving in Greece.
“Most of these people fled countries with a high prevalence of violence and persecution,” says Sonia Balleron, Head of MSF in Greece.
“Many survived horrific journeys, including suffering war injuries, sexual violence and trafficking. For these already vulnerable people, violence or mistreatment at the border further aggravates the medical and psychological consequences of their horrific experiences.”
Meanwhile, civil society organisations and aid agencies attempting to provide assistance to vulnerable people on the Aegean islands have found their actions blocked by authorities and run the risk of prosecution.
Calling for a permanent end to pushbacks
“We urge the Greek government and European leaders to take immediate measures to ensure that individuals seeking protection in Greece are treated with humanity and dignity,” says MSF international president Dr Christos Christou.
“This includes ending the climate of impunity for those who perpetrate violence against people seeking protection, in compliance with European and international law.
“We also call for a permanent end to pushbacks at borders, for an independent monitoring system to be set up on the Aegean islands, and for search and rescue operations to be stepped up at sea.
“Finally, we call for people seeking protection to be granted access to fair asylum procedures and medical and humanitarian assistance on arrival.”
MSF in Greece
In 2022, MSF staff witnessed the severe toll that precarious living conditions, arbitrary asylum procedures and fear of deportation was taking on people’s physical and mental health. Our teams conducted 22,500 outpatient consultations and 7,460 individual mental health consultations throughout the year.
In Samos, we run a day centre in Vathi town, supporting the medical needs of refugees, asylum seekers and other migrants. We also provided general healthcare through mobile clinics.
On Lesbos, we offered emergency medical and psychological first aid to new arrivals on the island, and organised referrals to hospital for those needing further care.